Visit Derbyshire up until the beginning of September and there’s a chance to not only see, but actually join-in, one of the UK’s most colourful traditions – a custom so old that its roots are lost in the past. It is practiced in around 80 villages, frequently involves almost the whole population of the area and can take up to 10 days to perform.
So, what is this ancient well-kept tradition? The clue is in the name because it’s the peculiar art of Well Dressing – and today it is still unique to Derbyshire.
Believed to have been practised in this part of the country since the days of the Ancient Britons, who devised it as a means of giving thanks for their natural supplies of fresh water, a succession of different villages dress their wells between the end of May and early September.
The art and mystery of well-dressing is, at its simplest, the tradition of decorating springs and wells with decorative pictures made only from ‘natural’ materials, such as flower petals, stems, leaves, berries, grasses, lichens, mosses, bark, cones, fruit, vegetables, wool, and peat. And as well as ceremonies across the Peak District itself, the tradition also spreads in to the towns and villages of The Peak District’s Historic Border Country.
Stretching from the Elizabethan splendour at Hardwick Hall past the dramatic hillside ruin of Sutton Scarsdale Hall to the fairytale heights of Bolsover Castle and centred around the market town of Chesterfield, the Historic Border Country is where The Peak District meets Robin Hood Country.
From Tissington – where wells may well have been dressed in since 1349 after the village survived an outbreak of the Black Death – well dressings continue throughout the summer at villages across that area including Holymoorside, Cutthorpe, Holmesfield, Barlborough, Elmton and Barlow.
Today it has become such a popular attraction that special leaflets and a website (see link above) now list all of the dates and venues where it is still practiced, highlighting not only the well-dressings themselves, but also details of more than 50 ‘in the making’ – places where visitors can both watch the skilful art and, in many cases, actually ‘have a go’ themselves. The process itself all starts with a wooden board that’s thrown into the local river to soak for a few days. This is then filled with soft, wet clay before being transformed by locals into a colourful work of art – often depicting a religious, or topical, scene. No two designs are ever the same; and dressing a well can take a team of villagers up to a week to complete.